Réalisation d'une plateforme biopuce sans marquage basée sur la lithographie douce

Enhancement of biochips and biochips scanners is a crucial issue in the actual industry that needs more sensitive and less expensive molecular analysis tools. In this aim, several points have to be re-examined: detector sensitivity, chip density, labeling. In this perspective, we have developed several different techniques based on soft lithography to pattern molecules. We also have developed a label-free detection system based on diffraction, to create a full biochip platform, without labeling and at low cost. Through this manuscript, several biomolecules patterned at nanoscale, will be studied: dendrimers, molecular imprinted polymers (MIP), DNA. We will see some techniques to pattern molecules at nanoscale with soft lithography but without any previous advanced lithography to create molds. Moreover, we will study the “macrostamp” that ables to print several different biomolecules in one step by soft lithography. A method to detect the molecular interaction based on light diffraction will be presented, in order to remove the labeling step. This step involves the risk of damaging the molecule and so the risk of modifying their functions. This work takes place in the context of an industrial development project in partnership with the society Innopsys. The aim is to democratize biochips analysis to increase their accessibility to hospitals and analysis laboratories and not only to research organization. Keyswords : Biochip, Soft lithography, diffraction, label-free detection, biomolecules, biodetection, multiplexing.